Females make up 51.2% of the working age population and males 49.8% of the working age population. In 2017-2019, it is estimated Black, Minority Ethnic Communities made up 5.5% of the working age population (STATSWales).

In working age adults who experience poor health, the main types of ill-health are musculoskeletal conditions, cardiovascular conditions, respiratory conditions, mental health conditions and long standing health issues.  Addressing ill-health in working age adults through primary, secondary and tertiary prevention programmes is important as those with chronic health conditions and disabilities are more likely experience inequalities in relation to employment, income and resources and housing.